Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifaceted metabolic syndrome defined through the
dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells driven by a confluence of genetic and environmental …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that are the
targets for many different classes of pharmacotherapy. The islets of Langerhans are central …

Adipose tissue (AT) associated cytokines are involved in the development of chronic low-
grade inflammation in obese individuals. IL-2, a pleiotropic cytokine, contributes to immune …

CD4+ T cells regulate inflammation and metabolism in obesity. An imbalance of CD4+ T
regulatory cells (Tregs) is critical in the development of insulin resistance and diabetes …

IL-6 was found to be overexpressed in the adipose tissue of obese individuals, which may
cause insulin resistance. However, the regulation of IL-6 in adipocytes in obesity setting …

In obesity, macrophage activation and infiltration in adipose tissue (AT) underlie chronic low-
grade inflammation-induced insulin resistance. Although dectin-1 is primarily a pathogen …

Abstract Purpose of Review Obesity is a trigger for multiple diseases such as diabetes
mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown …

Background Obesity among children is an alarming issue due to an increased incidence
over the last years with devastating physiological and psychological consequences. Current …

Background: The CXCL subfamily of chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11;
angiostatic chemokines) plays a key role in many inflammatory diseases. However, the …

Interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-5 is known to be involved in M1 macrophage polarization,
however, changes in the adipose expression of IRF5 in obesity and their relationship with …