The current understanding of lactate extends from its origins as a byproduct of glycolysis to
its role in tumor metabolism, as identified by studies on the Warburg effect. The lactate …

Aging induces molecular, cellular and functional changes in the adult brain that drive
cognitive decline and increase vulnerability to dementia-related neurodegenerative …

Physical exercise is generally beneficial to all aspects of human and animal health, slowing
cognitive ageing and neurodegeneration. The cognitive benefits of physical exercise are …

Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the
gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that the gut and brain are in constant …

The brain requires a continuous supply of energy in the form of ATP, most of which is
produced from glucose by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, complemented by …

Alterations in the gut microbiota composition have been associated with a range of
neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The gut microbes …

Astrocytes play key roles in the regulation of brain energy metabolism, which has a major
impact on brain functions, including memory, neuroprotection, resistance to oxidative stress …

Physical activity is one of the modifiable factors of cognitive decline and dementia with the
strongest evidence. Although many influential reviews have illustrated the neurobiological …

Although there is no unanimity, growing evidence supports the value of regular physical
exercise to prevent Alzheimer's disease as well as cognitive decline in affected patients …

After a century, it's time to turn the page on understanding of lactate metabolism and
appreciate that lactate shuttling is an important component of intermediary metabolism in …