The precursor polypeptides of periplasmic proteins binding seven types of redox cofactor
have unusually long signal sequences bearing a consensus (S/T)‐R‐R‐x‐F‐L‐K motif …

Plastids are ubiquitous plant cell organelles that perform many essential functions.
Chloroplasts are the most complex type of plastid, both structurally and functionally …

In bioinformatics, machine learning methods have been used to predict features embedded
in the sequences. In contrast to what is generally assumed, machine learning approaches …

Chlorophyll is bound to proteins of the photosynthetic membranes. It harvests sunlight and
carries out the first reactions in the conversion of light energy to chemical energy, which is …

The plastid genomes of several plants contain homologues, termed ndh genes, of genes
encoding subunits of the NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase or complex I of mitochondria …

Most of the mitochondrial and chloroplastic proteins are nuclear encoded and synthesized in
the cytosol as precursor proteins with N-terminal extensions called targeting peptides …

The trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) reductase of Escherichia coli is a soluble periplasmic
molybdoenzyme. The precursor of this enzyme possesses a cleavable N‐terminal signal …

Photosystem lI (PSII) is a pigment-protein complex found in the thylakoid membranes of
plants, algae and cyanobacteria which drives light-induced electron transfer from water to …

Oxygenic photosynthesis is an energy-transducing process whereby light energy is trapped
and converted into biochemical energy. This multi-step process encompasses a series of …

The delta pH‐driven and Sec‐related thylakoidal protein translocases recognise distinct
types of thylakoid transfer signal, yet all transfer signals resemble bacterial signal peptides …