Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is widely used for the treatment of movement disorders
including Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia and, to a lesser extent, certain …

Dementia and gait impairments often coexist in older adults and patients with
neurodegenerative disease. Both conditions represent independent risk factors for falls. The …

The basal ganglia (BG) are critical for adaptive motor control, but the circuit principles
underlying their pathway-specific modulation of target regions are not well understood …

Basal ganglia play a central role in regulating behavior, but the organization of their outputs
to other brain areas is incompletely understood. We investigate the largest output nucleus …

Neuromechanical principles define the properties and problems that shape neural solutions
for movement. Although the theoretical and experimental evidence is debated, we present …

Progressive loss of the ascending dopaminergic projection in the basal ganglia is a
fundamental pathological feature of Parkinson's disease. Studies in animals and humans …

There are several brain regions that have been implicated in the control of motivated
behavior and whose disruption leads to the pathophysiology observed in major psychiatric …

The basal ganglia (BG) are a highly organized network, where different parts are activated
for specific functions and circumstances. The BG are involved in movement control, as well …

Cholinergic transmission in the striatal complex is critical for the modulation of the activity of
local microcircuits and dopamine release. Release of acetylcholine has been considered to …

The motor signs of Parkinson's disease are thought to result in large part from a reduction of
the level of dopamine in the basal ganglia. Over the last few years, many of the functional …