The intense plasma irregularities within the ionospheric sporadic E (Es) layers at 90–130 km
altitude have a significant impact on radio communications and navigation systems. As a …

The ionospheric sporadic E layer, the ionospheric irregularities of enhanced electron
density, appears in the Earth's ionosphere at altitudes between 90 and 120 km, which …

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are solar transients that have significant
effects on the upper atmosphere and ionosphere of Mars. The simultaneous spacecraft …

This research studies the medium timescale (6–30 days) ionospheric response over the
Wuhan area to solar radiative, recurrent geomagnetic, and lower atmospheric forcing. The …

This work analyzes the worldwide development of Sporadic E (Es) layers in different regions
during a High-Speed Solar Wind Stream (HSS) event on March 18, 2018. We used …

Solar wind stream interaction regions (SIRs) and corotating interaction regions (CIRs) can
cause geomagnetic storms and change energetic particle environment, ionospheric …

The rotation of the Sun modulates solar emission with 27-day variations. Large-scale
structures in the solar atmosphere, like sunspots and plages, rotate with the Sun and emit at …

Most of the attention was paid to the correlation between Sporadic E (Es) layers and solar
activity, and conflicting conclusions were obtained in previous research. For the first time, we …

Stream interaction region (SIR) is one of the space weather phenomena that accelerates the
upstream particles of the interface region in interplanetary space and causes geomagnetic …

Abstract Using the Stream Interaction Regions list from the Tianwen-1/Mars Orbiter
Magnetometer (MOMAG) data between 2021 November and 2021 December and from …