The approach of this timely review considers the current literature that is focused on the
interface nanostructure/cell-wall microorganism to understand the annihilation mechanism …

Heavy metal pollution has increasingly affected human life, and the treatment of heavy metal
pollution, especially chromium pollution, is still a major problem in the field of environmental …

The fungal pathogen, Alternaria alternata is responsible for causing leaf spot disease in
many plants, including chili pepper. Zinc (Zn) an essential micronutrient for plant growth …

Hyperaccumulation of heavy metal in agricultural land has hampered yield of important
crops globally. It has consequently deepened concerns regarding the burning issue of food …

In the era of global warming, stress combinations instead of individual stress are realistic
threats faced by plants that can alter or trigger a wide range of plant responses. In the …

Macrophomina phaseolina, is widely considered to be amongst the most important
threatening fungal pathogen of over 750 plant species including mungbean. Synthetic …

Industrial activities discharge a large amount of wastes containing hexavalent chromium [Cr
(VI)] into the environment, which poses a threat to human health. Microorganisms can be …

Over exploitation of mineral resources has increasingly caused serious heavy metal
contamination such as chromium (Cr). Cr (VI), the pathogenicity factor, is one of common …

Chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic heavy metals and a health hazard to millions of
people worldwide. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi can assist plants in phytoremediation of …

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal that poses significant threats to living organisms.
Curvularia tsudae has demonstrated remarkable survival capabilities in the presence of high …