Insects have evolved various types of antipredator defenses. For example, many insects
have evolved crypsis, and exhibit cryptic body colors and shapes for hiding from predators …

Larval lepidopterans (hereafter, caterpillars) protect themselves from natural enemies with a
diverse suite of defenses which are employed before, during, or after encounters with …

The ecological phenomenon of arthropods with defensive hairs is widespread. These
urticating hairs can be divided into three categories: true setae, which are detachable hairs …

The insects are a hyperdiverse class containing more species than all other animal groups
combined—and many employ venom to capture prey, deter predators and micro-organisms …

Antipredator strategies of the pupal stage in insects have received little attention in
comparison to larval or adult stages. This is despite the fact that predation risk can be high …

Simple Summary Pain is an unpleasant emotional state that produces behavioural changes
to minimize future tissue damage and promote recovery and survival. These behavioural …

Chibiraga is a mall East Asian genus in the family Limacodidae (slug-moths). The latter
includes many agricultural pests. Mitochondrial genome analysis is an important tool for …

Shelter‐building is widespread in the animal world and such shelters often influence the
success of their builders. Shelters built by caterpillars influence the likelihood of attacks by …

Envenomation by the larval or pupal stages of moths occurs when the victim presses their
hairs. They penetrate the subcutaneous tissue, releasing toxins such as proteolytic …

Predation has led to the evolution of defensive armor in prey species. The dense and long
hairs of caterpillars (ie, lepidopteran larvae) are generally believed to play an important role …