The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress. The
aim of this mechanistic review is to examine:(a) the role of redox-sensitive transcription …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), PPARδ and PPARγ are transcription
factors that regulate gene expression following ligand activation. PPARα increases cellular …

The Krebs cycle-derived metabolite itaconate and its derivatives suppress the inflammatory
response in pro-inflammatory" M1" macrophages. However, alternatively activated" M2" …

Glutamine is the most abundant and versatile amino acid in the body. In health and disease,
the rate of glutamine consumption by immune cells is similar or greater than glucose. For …

Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) play an essential role in tumor progression,
metastasis, and antitumor immunity. Ferroptosis has attracted extensive attention for its …

Macrophages undergoing M1-versus M2-type polarization differ significantly in their cell
metabolism and cellular functions. Here, global quantitative time-course proteomics and …

Obesity is the most common cause of insulin resistance, and the current obesity epidemic is
driving a parallel rise in the incidence of T2DM. It is now widely recognized that chronic …

Inflammation has been reported to be intimately linked to the development or worsening of
several non-infectious diseases. A number of chronic conditions such as cancer, diabetes …

Itaconate is one of the best examples of the consequences of metabolic reprogramming
during immunity. It is made by diverting aconitate away from the tricarboxylic acid cycle …

A striking change has happened in the field of immunology whereby specific metabolic
processes have been shown to be a critical determinant of immune cell activation. Multiple …