Background Maternal pushing during the second stage of labour is an important and
indispensable contributor to the involuntary expulsive force developed by uterine …

Advances in the field of labour analgesia have tread a long journey from the days of ether
and chloroform in 1847 to the present day practice of comprehensive programme of labour …

Praise for the previous edition:" This... edition is timely, useful, well organized, and should be
in the bags of all doulas, nurses, midwives, physicians, and students involved in childbirth." …

Importance It is unclear whether the timing of second stage pushing efforts affects
spontaneous vaginal delivery rates and reduces morbidities. Objective To evaluate whether …

Although medical and technological advances in maternity care have drastically reduced
maternal and infant mortality, these interventions have become commonplace if not routine …

Management of the second stage of labor often follows tradition‐based routines rather than
evidence‐based practices. This review of second‐stage labor care practices discusses risk …

This review focuses on the neuroendocrine mechanisms in the mother and the newborn that
are involved in the generation and consolidation of mother–child attachment. The role that …

Management of the second stage of labor is commonly based on its length such that when
second stage exceeds a specific time threshold, women are often counseled and offered …

OBJECTIVE: To estimate whether immediate or delayed pushing in the second stage of
labor optimizes spontaneous vaginal delivery and other perinatal outcomes. DATA …

Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled
trials was to evaluate the effect of delayed versus immediate pushing in the second stage of …