We use data from seven low and middle income countries with diverse drug procurement
systems to assess the effect of centralized procurement on drug prices, and provide a …

High administrative costs in US health care have provoked concern among policymakers
over potential waste, but many of these costs are generated by managed care policies that …

In this work, the influence of supporting electrolytes (sodium sulfate and sodium chloride) on
the electrochemical oxidation of the antihypertensive drug losartan (LOS) was studied under …

This paper studies how changes in hospital ownership after private equity (PE) buyouts
impact hospital–insurer price negotiations and patient welfare. Estimating an empirical …

In many health systems around the world, decisions about the reimbursement of—and
patient access to—new medicines are based on health technology assessments (HTA) …

External reference pricing (ERP), the practice of benchmarking domestic drug prices to
foreign prices, generates an incentive for firms to withhold products from low-income …

This chapter presents an overview of advances in the structural analysis of contracting in
vertical markets over the past fifteen years. We provide a discussion of theoretical models of …

We study the effects of competition by state-owned firms, leveraging the decentralized entry
of public pharmacies to local markets in Chile. Public pharmacies sell the same drugs at a …

With pharmaceutical health policy striving for fair and sustainable pricing under increasing
budgetary pressures, public stakeholders are more and more willing to be involved in …

Aim The pharmaceutical or drug supply chain is the means through which prescription
medicines are manufactured, stocked, and delivered to consumers. How the complexity and …