Tumor vascularization occurs through several distinct biological processes, which not only
vary between tumor type and anatomic location, but also occur simultaneously within the …

G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) and heterotrimeric G proteins play central roles in a
diverse array of cellular processes. As such, dysregulation of GPCRs and their coupled …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality and is
independently associated with cardiovascular disease. The mainstay of treatment for CKD is …

Genomic alteration can reshape tumor microenvironment to drive tumor malignancy.
However, how PTEN deficiency influences microenvironment-mediated cell-cell interactions …

Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer, promoting growth and metastasis. Anti‐angiogenic
treatment has limited efficacy due to therapy‐induced blood vessel alterations, often …

Apelin, an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ, is extensively
expressed in various systems, especially the nervous system. This article reviews the role of …

Apelin is an endogenous peptide, which is expressed in a vast board of organs such as the
brain, placenta, heart, lungs, kidneys, pancreas, testis, prostate and adipose tissues. The …

Cancer is a disease that seriously endangers human health and is mainly characterized by
a high metastasis rate, a high recurrence rate, and a high mortality rate. The treatment of …

Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common invasive brain tumor composed of
diverse cell types with poor prognosis. The highly complex tumor microenvironment (TME) …

Glioblastoma (GBM) present with an abundant and aberrant tumor neo-vasculature. While
rapid growth of solid tumors depends on the initiation of tumor angiogenesis, GBM also …