The identification of the Drosophila melanogaster Toll pathway cascade and the subsequent
characterization of TLRs have reshaped our understanding of the immune system. Ever …

To combat infection, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster relies on multiple innate defense
reactions, many of which are shared with higher organisms. These reactions include the use …

The inducible expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in Drosophila melanogaster is
regulated by the conserved Toll and peptidoglycan recognition protein LC/immune …

The innate immunity is the immediate and sole response of invertebrates for the protection
against foreign substances and pathogens. In insects, it relies on both humoral and cellular …

Entomopathogenic fungi can invade wide range of insect hosts in the natural world and
have been used as environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical insecticides for pest …

The innate immune response is the first line of defense against microbial infections in both
insects and mammals. Systematic analysis of the innate immune response in the model …

Regulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family of transcription factors is of critical
importance to animals, with consequences of misregulation that include cancer, chronic …

The use of insects for evaluating the virulence of microbial pathogens and for determining
the efficacy of antimicrobial drugs is increasing. When larvae of the greater wax moth …

Mutations in> 30 genes that regulate different pathways and developmental processes are
reported to cause a melanotic phenotype in larvae. The observed melanotic masses were …

The cellular innate immune response of several species of Drosophila terminates with the
encasement of large foreign objects within melanotic capsules comprised of several layers …