The Mediator complex, which in humans is 1.4 MDa in size and includes 26 subunits,
controls many aspects of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function. Apart from its size, a defining …

Cancer is a disease of uncontrollably reproducing cells. It is governed by biochemical
pathways that have escaped the regulatory bounds of normal homeostatic balance. This …

Components of transcriptional machinery are selectively partitioned into specific
condensates, often mediated by protein disorder, yet we know little about how this specificity …

How enhancers control target gene expression over long genomic distances remains an
important unsolved problem. Here we investigated enhancer–promoter communication by …

Genomic DNA is folded into loops and topologically associating domains (TADs), which
serve important structural and regulatory roles. It has been proposed that these genomic …

Although enhancers are central regulators of mammalian gene expression, the mechanisms
underlying enhancer–promoter (EP) interactions remain unclear. Chromosome …

Differential gene expression mechanisms ensure cellular differentiation and plasticity to
shape ontogenetic and phylogenetic diversity of cell types. A key regulator of differential …

Homotypic chromatin interactions and loop extrusion are thought to be the two main drivers
of mammalian chromosome folding. Here we tested the role of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) …

Abstract The RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pre-initiation complex (PIC) is a critical node in
eukaryotic transcription regulation, and its formation is the major rate-limiting step in …

Precise patterns of gene expression in metazoans are controlled by three classes of
regulatory elements: promoters, enhancers and boundary elements. During differentiation …