Research suggests that the scale of human population and the current pace of its growth
contribute substantially to the loss of biological diversity. Although technological change and …

Despite the disparities in size and volume of marine and freshwater realms, a strikingly
similar number of species is found in each–with 15 150 Actinopterygian fishes in fresh water …

Coral reefs worldwide are facing impacts from climate change, overfishing, habitat
destruction, and pollution. The cumulative effect of these impacts on global capacity of coral …

Following a precise evaluation protocol that was applied to a pool of 202 articles published
between 2003 and 2014, this paper evaluates the existing evidence of how and to what …

The rapid expansion of human activities threatens ocean-wide biodiversity. Numerous
marine animal populations have declined, yet it remains unclear whether these trends are …

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly being used globally to conserve marine
resources. However, whether many MPAs are being effectively and equitably managed, and …

Global chondrichthyan (shark, ray, skate and chimaera) landings, reported to the United
Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), peaked in 2003 and in the decade since …

Ocean warming under climate change threatens coral reefs directly, through fatal heat stress
to corals and indirectly, by boosting the energy of cyclones that cause coral destruction and …

Fisheries and aquaculture make a crucial contribution to global food security, nutrition and
livelihoods. However, the UN Sustainable Development Goals separate marine and …

Continuing degradation of coral reef ecosystems has generated substantial interest in how
management can support reef resilience,. Fishing is the primary source of diminished reef …