The world's big rivers and their floodplains were central to development of civilization and
are now home to c. 2.7 billion people. They are economically vital whilst also constituting …

Where present, permafrost exerts a primary control on water fluxes, flowpaths, and
distribution. Climate warming and related drivers of soil thermal change are expected to …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Abstract Groundwater 18O/16O, 2H/1H, 13C/12C, 3H, and 14C data can help quantify
molecular movements and chemical reactions governing groundwater recharge, quality …

Terrestrial hydrology is central to the Arctic system and its freshwater circulation. Water
transport and water constituents vary, however, across a very diverse geography. In this …

As the permafrost region warms, its large organic carbon pool will be increasingly
vulnerable to decomposition, combustion, and hydrologic export. Models predict that some …

Several recent climate impact assessments on polar regions have been undertaken,
including the synthesis report on Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (AMAP …

Over the next century, near‐surface permafrost across the circumpolar Arctic is expected to
degrade significantly, particularly for land areas south of 70° N. This is likely to cause …

Climate change is expected to increase regional and global air temperatures and
significantly alter precipitation regimes. These projected changes in meteorological …

Northern high-latitude rivers are major conduits of carbon from land to coastal seas and the
Arctic Ocean. Arctic warming is promoting terrestrial permafrost thaw and shifting hydrologic …