The high uncertainties involved in the design and construction of mountain tunnels have
driven the development of risk analysis procedures to control the risk level within an …

In the present work, important aspects of time-dependent nonlinear 3D finite element (FE)
models for deep tunnel advance by the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) …

Despite the wide application of shotcrete in underground constructions, its long-term
performance is greatly affected by the challenging service conditions. Thus, improving the …

A comprehensive experimental program on the mechanical, hygral and thermal behavior of
a modern wet mix shotcrete is presented. The present part I deals with the evolution of the …

The shotcrete stiffness varies over time in the hardening period, which complexes the
interaction between support structures and rheological rock. This study presents an …

Part II of the study of a wet mix shotcrete focuses on creep and shrinkage as well as on the
thermal and hygral behavior. It deals with the time-dependent mechanical behavior due …

Creep, as a long-term deformation characteristic of shotcrete, significantly influences the
load-bearing performance and durability of tunnel support structures. This study conducted …

In the present paper, the shear strength of the shot-earth 772-granite interface is simulated
through a numerical Lattice Discrete Element model, since there is no experimental data …

A numerical study on a stretch of the Brenner Base Tunnel, characterized by high
overburden and driven according to the New Austrian Tunneling Method, is presented. At …

Falling or sliding of loose blocks is one of the most common failure modes in a rock tunnel.
For tunnels in hard and jointed rock, fibre-reinforced shotcrete (sprayed concrete) in …