Energy retrofit and renovation of existing buildings have an effective role in reducing carbon
dioxide emissions and ultimately global warming. Therefore, there is an increasing interest …

This paper aimed to review the literature of the past ten years about the energy performance
of buildings during their operational stage. The focus of this review was empirical works that …

The energy consumption of cities is increasing fast due to growing global population and
rapid urbanization. Urban Building Energy Models (UBEMs) are promising tools to simulate …

Over the last decades overheating in buildings has become a major concern. The situation
is expected to worsen due to the current rate of climate change. Many efforts have been …

Energy benchmarking is an accurate tool to measure, monitor, and reduce end-use energy
consumption in the building sector using comparison scenarios. Various studies have …

The higher education sector in the UK is responsible for large amount of the country's
energy consumption. Space heating, which is the largest and most expensive part of the …

Energy benchmarking of buildings has an important role in improving energy performance
by establishing a reference for the energy efficiency of the building stock. The simulation of …

The aim of this study is to develop an energy performance data set and two building
performance simulation benchmark models for high performance schools in Belgium. The …

Buildings benchmarking based on their electric profiles is a fundamental step to identify,
evaluate and then possibly implement energy efficiency oriented actions. Indeed …

Multifamily buildings account for about half of all residential buildings in Poland and about
70% of the urban population live in them. Most of them require thermal refurbishment …