Adequate placentation, placental tissue remodeling and vascularization is essential for the
success of gestation and optimal fetal growth. Recently, it was suggested that abnormal …

Sudan I is one of the industry dyes and widely used in cosmetics, wax agent, solvent and
textile. Sudan I has multiple toxicity such as carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, genotoxicity and …

In this review, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of teratogenic chemical agents in both rat
and mouse have been reviewed. Of these chemicals, 97 are drugs and 33 are pesticides or …

Objective Chronic ethanol abuse causes reproductive organ failure and infertility in both
humans and laboratory animals. Since sperm has a critical role in reproductive function, the …

Modern sedentary lifestyle with altered dietary habits imposes the risk of human health
towards several metabolic disorders such as obesity. The metabolic insults negatively affect …

Stressful events and alcohol abuse are the cumbersome situations which can synergistically
predispose the negative effects on the brain. Oxidative stress generated by chronic …

Ginger is traditionally used as a sexual enhancer in folk medicine. Despite extensive studies
on the effect of ginger on reproduction, the molecular mechanism of ginger prevention effect …

The consumption of energy drinks is common among adolescents and young adults. The
possible effects (mainly behavioral and reproductive) of ingestion in this population remain …

Heavy drinking in women is known to adversely affect pregnancy and fertility. However,
pregnancy is a complex process, and the adverse effects of ethanol on pregnancy does not …

Successful pregnancy for optimal fetal growth requires adequate early angiogenesis and
remodeling of decidual spiral arterioles during placentation. Prior to the initiation of invasion …