1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a polar, strongly hydrogen bond-donating
solvent that has found numerous uses in organic synthesis due to its ability to stabilize ionic …

The native chemical ligation reaction (NCL) involves reacting a C-terminal peptide thioester
with an N-terminal cysteinyl peptide to produce a native peptide bond between the two …

Viral papain-like cysteine protease (PLpro, NSP3) is essential for SARS-CoV-2 replication
and represents a promising target for the development of antiviral drugs. Here, we used a …

More than a decade after a Nobel Prize was awarded for the discovery of the ubiquitin–
proteasome system and clinical approval of proteasome and ubiquitin E3 ligase inhibitors …

Ubiquitin-binding proteins play an important role in eukaryotes by translating differently
linked polyubiquitin chains into proper cellular responses. Current knowledge about …

Today, Fmoc SPPS is the method of choice for peptide synthesis. Very‐high‐quality Fmoc
building blocks are available at low cost because of the economies of scale arising from …

Protein semisynthesis—defined herein as the assembly of a protein from a combination of
synthetic and recombinant fragments—is a burgeoning field of chemical biology that has …

Ubiquitin-dependent signaling during the DNA damage response (DDR) to double-strand
breaks (DSBs) is initiated by two E3 ligases, RNF8 and RNF168, targeting histone H2A and …

Ubiquitylation is one of the most abundant and versatile post-translational modifications
(PTMs) in cells. Its versatility arises from the ability of ubiquitin to form eight structurally and …

Ubiquitin (Ub) chain formation by homologous to E6AP C-terminus (HECT)-family E3 ligases
regulates vast biology, yet the structural mechanisms remain unknown. We used chemistry …