Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature and form complex community networks to survive
in various environments. This community structure depends on numerous factors like …

Genome editing has been widely applied in nuclei but not so in organelles such as the
mitochondria and chloroplasts. The challenge for organelle genome editing is the limited …

RNA editing converts cytidines to uridines in plant organellar transcripts. Editing typically
restores codons for conserved amino acids. During evolution, specific C-to-U editing sites …

Vaccinium is a large genus of shrubs that includes a handful of economically important berry
crops. Given the numerous hybridizations and polyploidization events, the taxonomy of this …

accepted 4 September 2022.* Correspondence (Tel+ 86 (10) 64087649; fax+ 86 (10)
64087649; email y_yuan0732@ 163. com; Tel+ 86 (10) 84097298; fax+ 86 (10) 84097720; …

Background As the major source of sugar in moderate climates, sugar-producing beets
(Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) have a high economic value. However, the low genetic …

C4 photosynthesis is known to have at least 61 independent origins across plant lineages
making it one of the most notable examples of convergent evolution. Of the> 60 independent …

Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a species in the Gramineae family that is highly
important economically and valued for its role in ecology. However, the phylogeny and …

Avicennia marina (family Acanthaceae) is a halotolerant woody shrub that grows wildly and
cultivated in the coastal regions. Despite its importance, the species suffers from lack of …

Moringa is a mono-genus belonging to the Moringaceae family, which includes 13 species.
Among them, Moringa peregrina is plant species native to the Arabian Peninsula, Southern …