Background Hyperkinetic movement disorders (HMD) manifest as abnormal and
uncontrollable movements. Despite reported involvement of several neural circuits, exact …

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a complex, idiopathic neuropsychiatric disorder whose
pathophysiological mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. It is phenotypically …

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this article is to present current information on the
phenomenology, epidemiology, comorbidities, and pathophysiology of tic disorders and …

Abstract Purpose of Review Although much is known about the clinical presentation of
Tourette Syndrome (TS), little information exists on the developmental trajectories and long …

The neural networks that constitute corticostriatothalamocortical circuits between prefrontal
cortex and subcortical structure provide a heuristic framework for bridging gaps between …

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a developmental neuropsychiatric disorder of the central nervous
system defined by the presence of chronic tics. While investigations of the underlying brain …

This chapter comprehensively reviews the published record for neurosurgical,
neurostimulatory, and neuroimaging evidence of the involvement of the cingulate gyrus in …

Objective: Tourette syndrome is a developmental neuropsychiatric disorder in children, and
abnormal corticobasal ganglion connectivity is implied for the pathophysiology. Multiscale …

About 200 journal articles reported research on Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders in
2014. Here we briefly summarize a few of the reports that seemed most important or …

Abstract Purpose of Review The past decade has realized substantial progress in
understanding and treating Tourette disorder (TD). The goal of this review is to highlight …