The growing concern over the dependency on fossil fuel has prompted the cost of energy
supply to the high extent. Widespread application of fossil fuel in transportation and …

Indonesia ranks fourth as the most populous nation after China, India, and the USA and is
one of Southeast Asia's most significant energy users. Due to the rapidly increasing energy …

Green diesel is a second-generation biofuel developed in response to the increasing
demand for liquid fuel and the predicted decrease in the availability of fossil fuels, especially …

The rapid depletion of petroleum products and other environmental concerns have led to
increased research on the production of biofuels, such as biodiesel. In agriculturally rich …

Energy is a vital component of Nigeria's socio-economic development. However, the supply
of clean energy in the country has been a great challenge, especially in driving the …

This work used a solvent extraction technique to obtain oil from avocado pear seeds and
peels. Next, this extracted oil was pre-treated with methanol and H 2 SO 4 to decrease its …

This work focused on the chemical synthesis and characterization of palm kernel oil (PKO)
for biolubricant production using transesterification of palm kernel methyl ester with …

Given the benefits of biofuels over conventional fuels, there is concern that widespread
production of biofuels from edible feedstocks to meet demand will lead to food insecurity and …

Biodiesel is a biodegradable, renewable, and carbon-neutral alternative to petroleum diesel
that can contribute to the global effort of minimizing the use of fossil fuels and meeting the …

Due to severe geopolitical uncertainty, tensions between nations that produces fuel/oil, and
trade sanctions, almost no nation can guarantee a consistent fuel supply and that can affect …