The global impacts of climate change are evident in every marine ecosystem. On coral reefs,
mass coral bleaching and mortality have emerged as ubiquitous responses to ocean …

Mass mortalities due to disease outbreaks have recently affected major taxa in the oceans.
For closely monitored groups like corals and marine mammals, reports of the frequency of …

Tropical reef systems are transitioning to a new era in which the interval between recurrent
bouts of coral bleaching is too short for a full recovery of mature assemblages. We analyzed …

Sustained observations of marine biodiversity and ecosystems focused on specific
conservation and management problems are needed around the world to effectively mitigate …

Tropical corals live close to their upper thermal limit making them vulnerable to unusually
warm summer sea temperatures. The resulting thermal stress can lead to breakdown of the …

Sea temperatures in many tropical regions have increased by almost 1° C over the past 100
years, and are currently increasing at~ 1–2° C per century. Coral bleaching occurs when the …

It has been over 10 years since the phenomenon of extensive coral bleaching was first
described. In most cases bleaching has been attributed to elevated temperature, but other …

Since the early 1980s, episodes of coral reef bleaching and mortality, due primarily to
climate-induced ocean warming, have occurred almost annually in one or more of the …

A brand new edition of the definitive textbook on humankind's impact on the Earth's
environment—now in full color This classic text explores the multitude of impacts that …

Coral reef bleaching, the whitening of diverse invertebrate taxa, results from the loss of
symbiotic zooxanthellae and/or a reduction in photosynthetic pigment concentrations in …