Calves are born with a physically and metabolically underdeveloped rumen and initially rely
on milk to meet nutrient demands for maintenance and growth. Initiation of solid feed …

Standard practice in the dairy industry is to separate the calf and dam immediately after birth
and raise calves in individual pens during the milk-feeding period. In nature and in extensive …

The objective of this study was to investigate how milk allowance affects body weight gains
and behavior before, during, and after weaning in dairy calves. Fifty-six Holstein calves were …

In the dairy industry it is common practice to separate cow and calf shortly after birth but this
practice is disputed because of animal welfare concerns. Some producers, in many …

Dairy cattle commonly sort total mixed rations, a behavior that influences individual nutrient
intake and reduces the nutritive value of the ration left in the bunk across the day. Typical …

Simple Summary Animal welfare research is intended to address societal concerns
regarding animal care, including natural living concerns. We reviewed the literature on calf …

The consumption of eco-friendly plastic products is interestingly investigated by scholars
and governments because of its contributions to environmental protection. However …

Dam-calf contact has been suggested to improve animal welfare in dairy calves, but
practical and economical concerns have led to interest in half-day contact between cows …

Most dairy farms rear calves artificially by separating the newly born calf from the dam and
feeding the calf milk from a bucket. However, the general public and scientific community …

Dairy calves have traditionally been kept in individual pens throughout the milk-feeding
period. Social rearing is associated with increased solid feed intake and, hence, higher …