Currently, most biotechnological products are based on microbial conversion of
carbohydrate substrates that are predominantly generated from sugar-or starch-containing …

Highlights•Polysaccharides are cross-linked in the plant cell walls with the hydrophobic
network of lignin.•Lignin physically impedes enzymatic deconstruction in biomass …

Improvements in DNA synthesis and sequencing have underpinned comprehensive
assessment of gene function in bacteria and eukaryotes. Genome-wide analyses require …

Nowadays there is a growing interest on the use of both lignocellulosic and algae biomass
to produce biofuels (ie biohydrogen, ethanol and methane), as future alternatives to fossil …

Metabolites, substrates and substrate impurities may be toxic to cells by damaging biological
molecules, organelles, membranes or disrupting biological processes. Chemical stress is …

Acetic acid is a weak organic acid exerting a toxic effect to most microorganisms at
concentrations as low as 0.5 wt%. This toxic effect results mostly from acetic acid …

In order to decrease carbon emissions and negative environmental impacts of various
pollutants, more bulk and/or fine chemicals are produced by bioprocesses, replacing the …

A major challenge when using microorganisms to produce bulk chemicals such as biofuels
is that the production targets are often toxic to cells. Many biofuels are known to reduce cell …

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the preferred microorganism for the production of bioethanol
from biomass. Industrial strain development for first-generation ethanol from sugar cane and …

Abstract Development of fuel ethanol is one of the important strategies to ensure energy
security, many countries and regions of the world have promoted fuel ethanol industry …