Introduction Theobroma cacao L. is economically speaking the most important species of the
genus Theobroma. Cacao is cultured in tropical regions and its yield is affected by several …

The low rate of technology adoption has long been a key constraint on improving
productivity, income and yields in farming, particularly in developing countries where market …

Abstract Papua New Guinea (PNG) produces high quality cocoa, mostly relying on the
current soil conditions and without the use of fertiliser. Overtime this continuous export of …

The influence of socio-cultural factors on the adaptive capacity, resilience and trade-offs in
decision-making of households and communities is receiving growing scholarly attention. In …

Fresh food markets have been a fixture of the social and economic landscape of urban and
rural PNG since colonial times. They were often the first points of engagement with the …

In the oil palm frontier regions of West New Britain and Oro provinces, Papua New Guinea,
customary land tenure arrangements are changing in response to the growing demand for …

This paper investigates the potential labour efficiencies and socio-cultural benefits of
agroforestry for coffee smallholders practising low input production strategies. Employing …

A relatively neglected area of research on agrarian and economic change is the role of
indigenous concepts of labour value in the transition from subsistence to market production …

This paper examines how oil palm migrant farmers in Papua New Guinea are responding to
shortages of land for food gardening. Despite rapid population growth and planting nearly …

Abstract Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are a distinct group of nations with unique
development challenges, such as skill shortages, lack of economies of scale, high transport …