The rechargeable multivalent-ion batteries (MVIBs) that transfer Zn 2+, Mg 2+, Al 3+, Ca 2+
etc. as charge carriers, have become a research hotspot and been emerging as attractive …

Fuel cells as an attractive clean energy technology have recently regained popularity in
academia, government, and industry. In a mainstream proton exchange membrane (PEM) …

Li/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) batteries are promising systems with ultrahigh energy density
and long storage life. They are particularly suitable for emerging applications in military …

Graphite fluoride (CF x) cathodes coupled with lithium anodes yield one of the highest
theoretical specific capacities (> 860 mAh/g) among primary batteries. In practice, the …

The benefits of covalent grafting of fluorine atoms onto carbonaceous materials are
described for the design of new electrocatalysts for low‐temperature fuel cells. In order to …

Fluorinated graphene has a promising application prospect in lithium primary batteries
(LPBs) and sodium primary batteries (SPBs). Herein, five fluorinated graphene materials …

Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) are formed by inserting various atoms and
molecules between the layers of graphite. Among these GICs, five structures have been …

Fluorinated carbon (CFx) has ultrahigh theoretical energy density among cathode materials
for lithium primary batteries. CFx, as an active material in the cathode, plays a decisive role …

A cathode material, graphene-like graphite, was developed for all-solid-state-type fluoride-
ion shuttle batteries (FSBs). Fluoride ions were electrochemically introduced/extracted …

Fluorinated single-layer diamond (“F-diamond”) is a new form of two-dimensional (2D)
carbon allotrope. Herein, poly (dicarbon monofluoride)(C 2 F) n which is essentially made of …