Bodybuilders routinely engage in many dietary and other practices purported to be harmful
to kidney health. The development of acute kidney injury, focal segmental glomerular …

The present paper aimed to systematically review case studies on physique athletes to
evaluate longitudinal changes in measures of body composition, neuromuscular …

Premature deaths in bodybuilders regularly make headlines and are cited as evidence that
bodybuilding is a dangerous activity. A wealth of research has revealed elite athletes …

Abstract Escalante, G, Barakat, C, Tinsley, GM, and Schoenfeld, BJ. Nutrition, training,
supplementation, and performance-enhancing drug practices of male and female physique …

Background Deloading is a ubiquitous yet under-researched strategy within strength and
physique training. How deloading should be integrated into the training programme to elicit …

The use of performance-enhancing substances in bodybuilding is a well-known and long-
standing issue. This comprehensive review article provides a detailed overview of the …

Background: this observational and cross-sectional study aimed to describe training,
pharmacological ergogenic aids, dehydration, and nutrition strategies during a peak week in …

Low energy availability (LEA) is a health concern for athletes, although it may paradoxically
lead to improved cardiometabolic health in the general population. We investigated the …

Background: The purpose of this case study was to implement an evidence-based dietary
approach to peaking for a bodybuilding competition and monitor its impact on body …

Background Physique athletes are ranked by a panel of judges against the judging criteria
of the corresponding division. To enhance on-stage presentation and performance …