While the health risks associated with adult cigarette smoking have been well described,
effects of nicotine exposure during periods of developmental vulnerability are often …

The implications for research and clinical practice are discussed with a summary of recent
advances in noninvasive methods to characterize fetal, newborn, infant, and child …

Epidemiological, clinical, physiological, cellular, and molecular evidence suggests that the
origins of obesity and metabolic dysfunction can be traced back to intrauterine life and …

Tobacco use in pregnancy is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and contributes in major
ways to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorders and learning disabilities …

Background Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is associated with early and long-
term neurobehavioral deficits; however mechanisms remain unknown. We tested the …

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays a major role in the homeostasis of fluid balance, vascular
tonus, and the regulation of the endocrine stress response. The measurement of AVP levels …

Smoking during pregnancy is the most common preventable cause of infant morbidity and
mortality. Cessation by the third trimester has consistently been associated with improved …

Epigenetic regulation of the placental glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) was
investigated as a mechanism underlying links between maternal smoking during pregnancy …

Background The study examined the association between prenatal tobacco or co-exposure
to tobacco and cannabis and children's cortisol reactivity at kindergarten age and the role of …

Clinically, we apply synthetic glucocorticoids to treat fetal and maternal diseases, such as
premature labor and autoimmune diseases. Although its clinical efficacy is positive, the fetus …