On the current electric vehicle (EV) market, a liquid-cooling battery thermal management
system (BTMS) is an effective and efficient thermal management solution for onboard power …

Many countries around the world have strengthened of the environmental regulations on
greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, so battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to replace traditional …

As a highly efficient thermodynamic cycle formed by pure natural fluid and using
aerothermal energy, transcritical CO 2 technology has huge advantages in terms of energy …

The regulations regarding emission and air conditioning in the automobile sector have
become more stringent worldwide. Air conditioning (AC) is an integral component of an …

With carbon emission levels on the rise, rapid and far-reaching action is needed to
counteract global warming. Among many available strategies, CO 2 is nowadays more and …

As a natural refrigerant, Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) has been extended in almost all refrigeration
fields due to its environmental friendliness, high availability, and high technological …

New energy transportation is an important link for the future development of global energy
industry, while higher and more precise requirements for the new energy vehicles' air …

To provide alternative refrigerants for R410A in those applications where the GWP (global
warming potential) limit is extremely restrictive in the medium and long term. This work …

Drying is one energy-intensive process in the industry. Heat pump system for drying process
by employing carbon dioxide/low-global warming potential working fluid mixture is proposed …

In this paper, the environment friendly refrigerant options suitable for automobile air
conditioners are reviewed. Initially, the thermophysical, thermodynamic and chemical …