Remediation of metal contaminated media using orthophosphate fixation forms insoluble
and non-bioavailable salts from metal and phosphate sources. The main focus has been on …

Abstract Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) is an effective way to immobilize toxic metals in
contaminated soil. However, utilization of ordinary Portland cement (PC) in this process has …

The natural frozen environment, called the cryosphere, is an essential component of the
Earth's environment. Although traditional knowledge considered that chemical reactions are …

To improve the washing efficiency for low-permeability clay, the method of freeze-thaw
synergistic chemical washing was put forward to study the cadmium (Cd)-and lead (Pb)-real …

For viable and sustainable reuse of solidified/stabilized heavy metal-contaminated soils as
roadway subgrade materials, long-term durability of these soils should be ensured. A new …

Soil freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) change the physical and chemical properties of soils;
however, information is limited about the consequences for heavy metal sorption and …

Chromium (VI) in soil poses a significant threat to the environment and human health.
Despite efforts to remediate Cr contaminated soil (Cr-soil), instances of re-yellowing have …

In cold environments, such as polar regions and high latitudes, the freezing of aqueous
solutions plays a crucial role in releasing and transforming nutrients, organic compounds …

Heavy metals (HMs) exist in nature in different forms, and the more unstable the form of an
HM, the higher its toxicity and bioavailability. The content of HMs in stable fractions can …

The composite agent of ferrous sulfate, fly ash, and calcium lignosulfonate (FFC) can
remediate the soil contaminated by As and Sb under cyclic freeze-thaw (FT) via stabilization …