Respiratory infections represent a major global health problem. They are often treated by
parenteral administrations of antimicrobials. Unfortunately, systemic therapies of high-dose …

Inhalable medications for patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) can be confusing even for health care professionals because of the multitude of …

Introduction: Respiratory drug delivery is a surprisingly complex process with a number of
physical and biological challenges. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a scientific …

Purpose CFD provides a powerful approach to evaluate the deposition of pharmaceutical
aerosols; however, previous studies have not compared CFD results of deposition …

Current marketed dry powder inhalers utilize the energy from patient inspiration to fluidize
and disperse bulk powder agglomerates into respirable particles. Variations in patient …

In silico methods can be used to estimate regional deposition of inhaled aerosols in regions
of the lung that are inaccessible by direct measurements. Knowledge of deposited dose is …

Fine particle fraction (FPF) is defined in general terms as the fraction or percentage of the
drug mass contained in an aerosol cloud that may be small enough to enter the lungs and …

Background: In vitro—in vivo correlations (IVIVC) for lung deposition may be established by
testing inhalers in vitro with realistic mouth–throat (MT) models and inhalation profiles (IP) …

Background: The objective of this study was to compare aerosol deposition predictions of a
new whole-airway CFD model with available in vivo data for a dry powder inhaler (DPI) …

Conventional in vitro tests to assess the aerodynamic particle size distribution (APSD) from
inhaler devices use simple right-angle inlets (“mouth-throats”, MTs) to cascade impactors …