Simple Summary Radiotherapy with carbon ions has been used for over 20 years in Asia
and Europe and is now planned in the USA. The physics advantages of carbon ions …

The use of charged particle therapy to control tumours non-invasively offers advantages
over conventional radiotherapy. Protons and heavy ions deposit energy far more selectively …

The biological effectiveness of proton beams relative to photon beams in radiation therapy
has been taken to be 1.1 throughout the history of proton therapy. While potentially …

Radiotherapy is a mainstay treatment for many types of cancer and kills cancer cells via
generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Incorporating radiation with pharmacological …

Carbon ion therapy is a promising evolving modality in radiotherapy to treat tumors that are
radioresistant against photon treatments. As carbon ions are more effective in normal and …

The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis, despite the limitations of the currently available
models and assays, has ushered in a new era of excitement in cancer research. The …

Compared to conventional photon-based external beam radiation (PhXRT), carbon ion
radiotherapy (CIRT) has superior dose distribution, higher linear energy transfer (LET), and …

Numerous studies have demonstrated the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within solid
tumors. Although the precursor of these cells is not clearly established, recent studies …

A combination of carbon ions/photons irradiation and hyperthermia as a novel therapeutic
approach for the in-vitro treatment of pancreatic cancer BxPC3 cells is presented. The …

Carbon ion radiotherapy offers superior dose conformity in the treatment of deep-seated
malignant tumours compared with conventional X-ray therapy. In addition, carbon ion beams …