Around the world the development and growth of cities and towns are having a significant
impact on local and global biodiversity. There is growing interest in the adaptation of …

Contemporary cities are expanding rapidly in a spatially complex, non-linear manner.
However, this form of expansion is rarely taken into account in the way that urbanization is …

Humans have fundamentally altered global patterns of biodiversity and ecosystem
processes. Surprisingly, existing systems for representing these global patterns, including …

This book presents recent estimates on the rate of change of major land classes.
Aggregated globally, multiple impacts of local land changes are shown to significantly affect …

Nitrate (NO3−) concentrations in public water supplies have risen above acceptable levels
in many areas of the world, largely as a result of overuse of fertilizers and contamination by …

Urbanization is intensifying worldwide, with two-thirds of the human population expected to
reside in cities within 30 years. The role of cities in human infectious disease is well …

Urban areas are heterogeneous. Transitions in architecture and building density, vegetation,
economic activity, and culture can occur at the scale of city blocks. Ecologists have been …

Urbanisation currently threatens over one-third of the world's known amphibian species. The
main threats of urbanisation to amphibian populations are habitat loss, habitat fragmentation …

Over the past decade, the urban–rural gradient approach has been effectively used to study
the ecology of cities and towns around the world. These studies have focused on …

Contemporary land-use pressures have a significant impact on the extent and condition of
forests in the eastern United States, causing a regional-scale decline in forest cover. Earlier …