The coordinating role of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in cellular function
is undeniable. Evidence indicates that this transcription factor exerts massive regulatory …

IFN-γ, a soluble cytokine being produced by T lymphocytes, macrophages, mucosal
epithelial cells, or natural killer cells, is able to bind to the IFN-γ receptor (IFNγR) and in turn …

Robust and effective T cell immune surveillance and cancer immunotherapy require proper
allocation of metabolic resources to sustain energetically costly processes, including growth …

The deregulation of energetic and cellular metabolism is a signature of cancer cells. Thus,
drugs targeting cancer cell metabolism may have promising therapeutic potential. Previous …

Effector, memory and exhaustion are three phenotypes of CD8+ T cell. In tumor
microenvironment (TME), metabolism dysfunction of the three should take the blame for …

Background Despite their revolutionary success in cancer treatment over the last decades,
immunotherapies encounter limitations in certain tumor types and patients. The efficacy of …

Acute inflammation can either resolve through immunosuppression or persist, leading to
chronic inflammation. These transitions are driven by distinct molecular and metabolic …

Introduction Drugs targeting mitochondria are emerging as promising antitumor therapeutics
in preclinical models. However, a few of these drugs have shown clinical toxicity …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is a powerful option for cancer treatment.
Despite demonstrable progress, most patients fail to respond or achieve durable responses …

Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen
receptor (CAR) T cells, have revolutionized the treatment of patients with advanced and …