Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Neuro-ophthalmology : CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in
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Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNSs) are a large group of rare, immune-related
disorders that result as a complication of cancer without direct invasion of the nervous …

Objective Paraneoplastic optic neuropathy (PON) is relatively uncommon, and the visual
outcomes and prognosis of this disease have not been well documented. The aim of this …

Paraneoplastic vision loss, which represents a small percentage of paraneoplastic
neurologic syndromes, can be a blinding disease. Presenting visual symptoms are variable …

Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) can be the first manifestations of occult
malignancies. If left untreated, PNS often lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Anti-Ri …

Background Paraneoplastic retinopathy is caused by the cross-reaction of neoplasm-
directed autoantibodies against retinal antigens and results in retinal damage …

CRX (OTX3) is a transcription factor of the OTX homeobox family, whose expression and
function is essential for the development and differentiation of retinal and pineal cells …

This chapter explores the ocular manifestations of various cancers, highlighting metastasis
to the eye from solid tumors like breast and lung cancer. The authors explore intraocular …

DISCUSSION Paraneoplastic optic neuropathy has previously been documented in
literature and is reported to be mainly associated with small cell lung carcinoma4e6 (other …

Ocular paraneoplastic syndromes are rare conditions that can affect any part of the eye at
any age. Thus, every ophthalmologist should be familiar with their management, as some of …