Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new type of
coronavirus that causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has been the …

There is an urgent need for effective countermeasures against the current emergence and
accelerating expansion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute …

A series of epidemiological explorations has suggested a negative association between
national bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination policy and the prevalence and …

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been reported to decrease susceptibility to
respiratory tract infections, an effect proposed to be mediated by the general long-term …

Traditionally, the innate and adaptive immune systems are differentiated by their specificity
and memory capacity. In recent years, however, this paradigm has shifted: Cells of the …

Abstract Background Some strains of Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine not only
confer protection against disseminated forms of tuberculosis, but also reduce all-cause …

The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a live attenuated tuberculosis vaccine that has the
ability to induce non-specific cross-protection against pathogens that might be unrelated to …

Background Trials done in infants with low birthweight in west Africa suggest that BCG
vaccination reduces all-cause mortality in the neonatal period, probably because of …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) continues to challenge most scientists in the
search of an effective way to either prevent infection or to avoid spreading of the disease. As …

Females typically develop higher antibody responses and experience more adverse
reactions following vaccination than males. These differences are observed in response to …