IgG4 is the least abundant subclass of IgG in human serum and has unique functional
features. IgG4 is largely unable to activate antibody-dependent immune effector responses …

In December 2019, the novel betacoronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Disease
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in Wuhan, China. SARS-CoV-2 has since …

Repetitive elements in the human genome, once considered 'junk DNA', are now known to
adopt more than a dozen alternative (that is, non-B) DNA structures, such as self-annealed …

These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the
immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical …

Cohesin extrusion is thought to play a central role in establishing the architecture of
mammalian genomes. However, extrusion has not been visualized in vivo, and thus, its …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial post-transcriptional regulators of haematopoietic cell fate
decisions. They act by negatively regulating the expression of key immune development …

Immunoglobulins emerging from B lymphocytes and capable of recognizing almost all kinds
of antigens owing to the extreme diversity of their antigen‐binding portions, known as …

Targeted mutagenesis via genome‐editing technologies holds great promise in developing
improved crop varieties to meet future demands. Point mutations or single nucleotide …

Much of the mammalian genome is transcribed, generating long non-coding RNAs
(lncRNAs) that can undergo post-transcriptional surveillance whereby only a subset of the …

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9 adaptive
immunity system has been harnessed for genome editing applications across eukaryotic …