Purpose—The aim of this guideline is to provide a synopsis of best clinical practices in the
rehabilitative care of adults recovering from stroke. Methods—Writing group members were …

MINERVA MEDICA COPYRIGHT® Page 1 Vol. 46 - No. 3 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL
AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE 423 Rehabilitation procedures in the management of …

Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is a potent neurotoxin that is produced by the gram-positive, spore-
forming, anaerobic bacterium, Clostridum botulinum. There are 7 known immunologically …

Objective To provide a comprehensive overview of reported effects and scientific robustness
of botulinum toxin (BoNT) treatment regarding the main clinical goals related to poststroke …

Introduction The hemiplegic shoulder pain is common after a stroke. Its appearance brings
pain and limits daily living activities as well as participation in specific Neuro-rehabilitation …

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs)
conducted from January 2005 to June 2021 to update the evidence of Botulinum toxin A …

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is widely used to treat muscle spasticity by acting on motor neurons.
Recently, studies of the effects of BTX on sensory nerves have been reported and several …

Central neuropathic pain is caused by a disease or lesion of the brain or spinal cord. It is
difficult to predict which patients will develop central pain syndromes after a central nervous …

Spasticity is a common symptom observed after pyramidal system lesion. The treatment of
spasticity has considerably changed during last years, notably with the generalization of …

Hypertonicity is common in patients with upper limb dysfunction following hemiplegic stroke
and is associated with greater impairment, worse function, and lower health-related quality …