Abstract The Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines (Co-Optima) initiative from the US
Department of Energy aims to co-develop fuels and engines in an effort to maximize energy …

Spark ignition gasoline vehicles comprise most light duty vehicles worldwide. These
vehicles were not historically associated with PM emissions. This changed about 15 years …

Exhaust emissions from diesel engine powered vehicles are considerably high during cold
start and warm‐up, because of the poor catalyst performance due to the insufficient catalyst …

Exhaust thermal management (ETM) plays a prime role in reducing pollutant emissions from
internal combustion engines (ICEs), especially during cold-start and warm-up conditions …

With increasing global regulations on particulate emissions, the particulate matter and
number released under cold start and high-load conditions have become crucial. Under …

The development of an appropriate fuel to run on a petrol compression ignition engine
conceptualises a low-temperature combustion strategy, which faces challenges. With the …

Meeting cold-start emissions standards for particulate emissions and the criteria air
pollutants, NO, CO and unburned hydrocarbons (HC), is critical for gasoline direct-injection …

Cold-start emissions remain a barrier to vehicle emissions targets and the race to zero
impact emissions. Current aftertreatment catalysts are highly efficient once active but …

Cold-start, as defined by the time between first engine crank and three-way catalyst light-off,
is responsible for a large percentage of NO x, unburned hydrocarbon, and particulate matter …

Lean fueling of spark ignited (SI) engines is a valid method for increasing efficiency and
reducing nitric oxide (NOx) emissions. Gasoline direct injection (GDI) allows better fuel …