Alzheimer's disease (AD), is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects behavior,
thinking, learning, and memory in elderly individuals. AD occurs in two forms, early onset …

Ischemic stroke caused by intracranial vascular occlusion has become increasingly
prevalent with considerable mortality and disability, which gravely burdens the global …

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by
the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates …

Astrocytes are highly efficient homeostatic glial cells playing a crucial role in optimal brain
functioning and homeostasis. Astrocytes respond to changes in brain homoeostasis …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and oncosomes, are nano-
sized particles enclosed by a lipid bilayer. EVs are released by virtually all eukaryotic cells …

Prolonged survival of a typical postmitotic neuron hinges on a balance between multiple
processes, among these are a sustenance of ATP production and protection against reactive …

Background Objective diagnostic biomarkers are needed to support a clinical diagnosis.
Objectives To analyze markers in various neurodegenerative disorders to identify diagnostic …

Neuroinflammation and epilepsy are interconnected. Brain inflammation promotes neuronal
hyper-excitability and seizures, and dysregulation in the glia immune-inflammatory function …

Astrocytes are an abundantly distributed population of glial cells in the central nervous
system (CNS) that perform myriad functions in the normal and injured/diseased brain …

Several neurodegenerative disorders involve impaired neurotransmission, and
glutamatergic neurotransmission sets a prototypical example. Glutamate is a predominant …