Cellular associations in the bone microenvironment are involved in modulating the balance
between bone remodeling and resorption, which is necessary for maintaining a normal bone …

Microglia are ramified cells that exhibit highly motile processes, which continuously survey
the brain parenchyma and react to any insult to the CNS homeostasis. Although microglia …

Primary tumors are drivers of pre-metastatic niche formation, but the coordination by the
secondary organ toward metastatic dissemination is underappreciated. Here, by single-cell …

Cytokines play a pivotal role in maintaining bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts (OCs), the sole
bone resorbing cells, are regulated by numerous cytokines. Macrophage colony-stimulating …

Decades of research have established atherosclerosis as an inflammatory disease. Only
recently though, clinical trials provided proof-of-concept evidence for the efficacy of anti …

Chemokines are a family of small, highly conserved cytokines that mediate various
biological processes, including chemotaxis, hematopoiesis, and angiogenesis, and that …

Chemokine receptors are critical regulators of cell migration in the context of immune
surveillance, inflammation, and development. The G protein–coupled chemokine receptor …

We are continually exposed to organisms that are inhaled, swallowed, or inhabit our skin
and mucous membranes. Whether these organisms penetrate and cause disease is a result …

Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV/CD26 (DPP IV) is a cell-surface protease belonging to the
prolyloligopeptidase family. It selectively removes the N-terminal dipeptide from peptides …

This study identifies monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) as an insulin-responsive
gene. It also shows that insulin induces substantial expression and secretion of MCP-1 both …