Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles
such as nucleons as well as nuclei. As a future high energy nuclear physics project, an …

Abstract This White Paper aims at highlighting the important benefits in the science reach of
the EIC. High luminosity operation is generally desirable, as it enables producing and …

Since the parton model was introduced by Feynman more than 50 years ago, much has
been learned about the partonic structure of the proton through a large body of high-energy …

The physics of the gravitational form factors of the proton, as well as their understanding
within quantum chromodynamics, has advanced significantly in the past two decades …

We evaluate the gluon and quark contributions to the spin of the proton using an ensemble
of gauge configurations generated at physical pion mass. We compute all valence and sea …

Abstract The Spin Physics Detector (SPD) is a future multipurpose experiment foreseen to
run at the NICA collider, which is currently under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear …

Within the theory of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the rich structure of hadrons can be
quantitatively characterized, among others, using a basis of universal nonperturbative …

We report results on the proton mass decomposition and also on related quark and glue
momentum fractions. The results are based on overlap valence fermions on four ensembles …

In this article, we review recent lattice calculations on the x-dependence of parton
distributions, with the latter providing information on hadron structure. These calculations are …

More than three decades ago, the European Muon Collaboration published a surprising
result on the spin structure of the proton: the spins of its three quark components account for …