Organisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidants that have both beneficial and deleterious effects …

Major depressive disorder (MDD), which is a leading psychiatric illness across the world,
severely affects quality of life and causes an increased incidence of suicide. Evidence from …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling psychiatric disorders.
Approximately one‐third of the patients with MDD are treatment resistant to the current …

Acute psychological stress has long been known to decrease host fitness to inflammation in
a wide variety of diseases, but how this occurs is incompletely understood. Using mouse …

Many patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) are reported to have higher levels of
multiple inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6). Recent studies both pre …

Background Gut microbiota can affect human behavior and mood in many ways. Several
studies have shown that patients with depression were also accompanied with gut …

The gut microbiome has a measurable impact on the brain, influencing stress, anxiety,
depressive symptoms and social behaviour. This microbiome–gut–brain axis may be …

Intestinal inflammatory disorders are associated with neurophysiological and behavioral
symptoms. Conversely, many disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) are …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric condition that affects a large number of
people in the world, and the treatment existents do not work for all individuals affected. Thus …

Ketamine, an anesthetic developed in the early 1960s, is also a popular abused drug
among young people at dance parties and raves and among spiritual seekers, because it …