Approximately 1,000 people in the United States were fatally shot by police officers during
2018, and people with mental illness were involved in approximately 25 percent of those …

The current study provides a thorough content analysis of use of force studies published in
peer-reviewed journals between 1995 and 2008. The most commonly used explanatory …

Research Summary We analyzed 990 police fatal shootings using data compiled by The
Washington Post in 2015. After first providing a basic descriptive analysis of these shootings …

Research summary Changing police use of force policies and training to incorporate de‐
escalation tactics is one of the most routinely recommended police reform measures …

Objective Police use-of-force continues to be a major source of international concern,
inviting interest from academics and practitioners alike. Whether justified or unnecessary …

Black civilians are more likely to be stopped by police than white civilians net of relevant
factors. Less is known about whether or not racial inequalities exist in police use of force …

The use of body-worn cameras (BWCs) by the police is rising. One proposed effect of BWCs
is reducing complaints against police, which assumes that BWCs reduce officer …

Controversial incidents involving uses of force by police in recent years have led to calls for
improving officers' de-escalation skills. A more fruitful approach to police training reform may …

This study analyzes 131 police–citizen interactions observed during Fall 2016 and coded
through systematic social observation. We assessed how often officers use de-escalation …

Racial profiling and the disproportionate use of police force are controversial political issues.
I argue that racial bias in the use of force increases after relevant events such as the …