Tundra vegetation change and impacts on permafrost

MMPD Heijmans, RÍ Magnússon, MJ Lara… - Nature Reviews Earth & …, 2022 - nature.com
Tundra vegetation productivity and composition are responding rapidly to climatic changes
in the Arctic. These changes can, in turn, mitigate or amplify permafrost thaw. In this Review …

Arctic tundra shrubification: a review of mechanisms and impacts on ecosystem carbon balance

ZA Mekonnen, WJ Riley, LT Berner… - Environmental …, 2021 - iopscience.iop.org
Vegetation composition shifts, and in particular, shrub expansion across the Arctic tundra
are some of the most important and widely observed responses of high-latitude ecosystems …

Terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems and their services

C Parmesan, MD Morecroft, Y Trisurat, R Adrian… - 2023 - ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk
Chapter 2, building on prior assessments, provides a global assessment of the observed
impacts and projected risks of climate change to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems …

Polar regions

MP Meredith, M Sommerkorn… - The ocean and …, 2019 - research.monash.edu
This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Summer warming explains widespread but not uniform greening in the Arctic tundra biome

LT Berner, R Massey, P Jantz, BC Forbes… - Nature …, 2020 - nature.com
Arctic warming can influence tundra ecosystem function with consequences for climate
feedbacks, wildlife and human communities. Yet ecological change across the Arctic tundra …

Complexity revealed in the greening of the Arctic

IH Myers-Smith, JT Kerby, GK Phoenix… - Nature Climate …, 2020 - nature.com
As the Arctic warms, vegetation is responding, and satellite measures indicate widespread
greening at high latitudes. This 'greening of the Arctic'is among the world's most important …

Winters are changing: snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems

C Rixen, TT Høye, P Macek, R Aerts, JM Alatalo… - Arctic …, 2022 - cdnsciencepub.com
Snow is an important driver of ecosystem processes in cold biomes. Snow accumulation
determines ground temperature, light conditions, and moisture availability during winter. It …

Status and trends in Arctic vegetation: Evidence from experimental warming and long-term monitoring

AD Bjorkman, M García Criado, IH Myers-Smith… - Ambio, 2020 - Springer
Abstract Changes in Arctic vegetation can have important implications for trophic
interactions and ecosystem functioning leading to climate feedbacks. Plot-based vegetation …

Woody plant encroachment intensifies under climate change across tundra and savanna biomes

M García Criado, IH Myers‐Smith… - Global Ecology and …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Aim Biomes worldwide are shifting with global change. Biomes whose extents are limited by
temperature or precipitation, such as the tundra and savanna, may be particularly strongly …

Extensive land cover change across Arctic–Boreal Northwestern North America from disturbance and climate forcing

JA Wang, D Sulla‐Menashe… - Global Change …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
A multitude of disturbance agents, such as wildfires, land use, and climate‐driven expansion
of woody shrubs, is transforming the distribution of plant functional types across Arctic …