Bias can arise because of the actions of primary study investigators or because of the
actions of review authors, or may be unavoidable due to constraints on how research can be …

Background Clinical research affecting how doctors practice medicine is increasingly
sponsored by companies that make drugs and medical devices. Previous systematic …

High quality protocols facilitate proper conduct, reporting, and external review of clinical
trials. However, the completeness of trial protocols is often inadequate. To help improve the …

Background Reducing high blood cholesterol, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)
events in people with and without a past history of coronary heart disease (CHD) is an …

Overwhelming evidence shows the quality of reporting of randomised controlled trials
(RCTs) is not optimal. Without transparent reporting, readers cannot judge the reliability and …

Objective To determine whether treatment with agonists of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor
(GLP-1R) result in weight loss in overweight or obese patients with or without type 2 …

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are essential to summarize evidence relating to
efficacy and safety of health care interventions accurately and reliably. The clarity and …

Much medical research is observational. The reporting of observational studies is often of
insufficient quality. Poor reporting hampers the assessment of the strengths and …

Background Growing interest on the effects of home telemonitoring on patients with chronic
heart failure (HF) has led to a rise in the number of systematic reviews addressing the same …

Context Previous studies indicate that the interpretation of trial results can be distorted by
authors of published reports. Objective To identify the nature and frequency of distorted …