A record of the geomagnetic field on the ground sometimes shows smooth daily variations
on the order of a few tens of nano teslas. These daily variations, commonly known as Sq, are …

The dual frequency signals from the GPS satellites recorded at Rajkot (22.29° N, 70.74° E,
Geographic, 14.03° N Geomagnetic) near the Equatorial ionization anomaly crest in India …

This paper provides the application of deep learning models such as Long Short-Term
Memory (LSTM) and a recently proposed Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) in forecasting the …

Abstract The Global‐scale Observation of Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission observed distinct
post‐sunset, hemispherically asymmetric evolution of the equatorial ionization anomaly …

The global ionospheric models NeQuick and IRI-Plas have been widely used. However,
their uncertainties are not clear at global scale and long term. In this paper, a climatologic …

Using an extremely valuable global data set from Formosa Satellite (FORMOSAT‐
3)/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) …

Simultaneous observations of the electron density and the zonal wind obtained by the
CHAMP satellite at 400 km are used to study systematic longitudinal variations. The time …

The Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) is a significant feature of the low‐latitude
ionosphere. During daytime, the eastward electric field drives a vertical plasma fountain at …

One of the largest errors in Global Positioning System (GPS)/Global Navigation Satellite
System (GNSS) positioning is attributable to the ionosphere. The ionosphere is a part of …

Abstract The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Global‐scale
Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) has been imaging the thermosphere and …