Multicellularity has emerged multiple times in evolution, enabling groups of cells to share a
living space and reducing the burden of solitary tasks. While unicellular organisms exhibit …

Plants produce organs of various shapes and sizes. While much has been learned about
genetic regulation of organogenesis, the integration of mechanics in the process is also …

Plasmodesmata are intercellular pores connecting together most plant cells. These
structures consist of a central constricted form of the endoplasmic reticulum, encircled by …

An urgent challenge within agriculture is to improve fertilizer efficiency in order to reduce the
environmental footprint associated with an increased production of crops on existing …

The ability to sense and respond to physical forces is critical for the proper function of cells,
tissues, and organisms across the evolutionary tree. Plants sense gravity, osmotic …

To form tissue networks, animal cells migrate and interact through proteins protruding from
their plasma membranes. Plant cells can do neither, yet plants form vein networks. How …

Sugar loading of developing seeds comprises a cohort of transport events that contribute to
reproductive success and seed yield. Understanding these events is most advanced for …

In grapevines, as in other plants, sucrose and its constituents glucose and fructose are
fundamentally important and carry out a multitude of roles. The aims of this review are three …

During multicellularization, plants evolved unique cell-cell connections, the plasmodesmata
(PD). PD of angiosperms are complex cellular domains, embedded in the cell wall and …

Transport across membranes is critical for plant survival. Membranes are the interfaces at
which plants interact with their environment. The transmission of energy and molecules into …