The current treatment strategies in advanced malignancies remain limited. Notably,
immunotherapies have raised hope for a successful control of these advanced diseases, but …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and ever-changing “rogue organ”
composed of its own blood supply, lymphatic and nervous systems, stroma, immune cells …

Transcriptional heterogeneity among malignant cells of a tumor has been studied in
individual cancer types and shown to be organized into cancer cell states; however, it …

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major innate immune cells that constitute up to
50% of the cell mass of human tumors. TAMs are highly heterogeneous cells that originate …

The main challenges for programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) checkpoint
blockade lie in a lack of sufficient T cell infiltration, tumor immunosuppressive …

Chronic inflammation and immune responses are two core element that characterize the
tumor microenvironment. A large number of immune/inflammatory cells (including tumor …

Studies of nanosized forms of bismuth (Bi)-containing materials have recently expanded
from optical, chemical, electronic, and engineering fields towards biomedicine, as a result of …

Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with high mortality due to difficulties in its early
diagnosis and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment induced by interactions between …

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are targeted immunoconjugate constructs that integrate
the potency of cytotoxic drugs with the selectivity of monoclonal antibodies, minimizing …

The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays
important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as …